Tesla Motors, The Engineer, Innovator And Physicist Essay

Tesla Motors is an American automaker and vitality stockpiling organization named after renowned Nikola Tesla, the engineer, innovator and physicist. The company was established in 2003 by Elon Musk, Martin Eberhard and Marc Tarpenning. It is situated in Palo Alto, California. Their primary auto production from 2008 being Tesla Roadster, the second vehicle, the Model S, an electric extravagance car, appeared in 2012 and is worked at the Tesla Factory in California. Worldwide deals for the Model S passed the 100,000 units point of reference in December 2015, three and a half years after its presentation, and it was the world s smash hit in that year. As of June 2016, the Model S positioned as the world s record-breaking second-top rated module after the Nissan Leaf and it was the US best seller of electric cars in 2015. The auto was then trailed by the Model X, a hybrid SUV. Tesla s next vehicle, Model 3 is scheduled for release in 2017 with a starting cost at US$ 35,000 which will be the most affordable model yet. Amid the year 2016, Tesla Motors sold about 164,000 electric autos overall after the conveyance of its first Tesla Roadster in 2008, making the electric carmaker the second biggest worldwide module auto producer after the Alliance. Elon Musk, the CEO, said that the organization, as an autonomous automaker, wants to offer electric autos at costs that are moderate to all buyers. Tesla’s US car market share in November 2016 was 0,3%. Their revenue has grown fromShow MoreRelatedTesla Electric Cars: Leading the Way in Luxury, Performance and a Cleaner Future585 Words   |  2 PagesTesla electric vehicles from Tesla Motors are gaining a reputation as the cars of the future. These models are not only known for their luxury features, acceleration, power, and nearly silent electric engines, but also for their green appeal. Individuals who can afford the hefty price tag are purchasing these vehicles because they are classy, fun to drive, and better for the environment than the standard gasoline car. Tesla Motors are leading the way in innovation in the American car industry withRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesCommunication and leadership skills distinguish managers such as John Chambers, who rise to the top of their profession. Chambers is CEO of Cisco Systems, the world’s largest maker of networking equipment. He is respected as a visionary leader and innovator who has the ability to drive an entrepreneurial culture. As an effective communicator, Chambers is described as warmhearted and straight talking. In this photo Chambers speaks during a launch ceremony of a green technology partnership Cisco formed

Contemporary Essay Topics - Overview

Contemporary Essay Topics - Overview If Development isn't engendered, it's endangered 10. Studies have revealed that the level of change in racial values is dependent on where and what sort of community one grew up in. Many federal agencies have limited authority, as an example, the Food and Drug Administration can't directly tests products. A trusted writing services company may assist you with all that. Performance art is now a favorite type of contemporary art in late years. For example, if you go into a cyber cafe, there's screening method to identify why users wish to browse. This is a great practice for your communication and research abilities. This form of contemporary art doesn't carry any aesthetic price, it's not going to fit into your interiorit simply exists. The hair fall might also be brought on by conditions like discoid lupus or lichen planus. Nonetheless, not all poets throughout that time frame will write in that special style. On the flip side, contemporary can be regarded as a manner of poetry written today. In fact, a seasoned writer can get the job done much faster than any student as they've been writing academic assignments during their entire life. Today, most college students find it difficult to compose an essay on a specific topic. It is possible to easily buy unique college essays and don't neglect to tell friends and family about it. An argumentative essay is a sort of academic papers that students write in the center school. Being a real paragraph alone and the very first, it's virtually the most crucial paragraph of a five paragraph essay. The terms aren't synonyms. If you still don't understand what essay topics to write about, have a look at this thought-provoking list there are lots of suggestions to consider and choose. You can go on the internet and hunt for contemporary history thesis topics. The growth of society isn't possible to imagine without arts. Writers and essayists were affected by the Depression also. The criminal is penalized for all of the wrong doing and can likewise be imprisoned. Regardless of what genre you would like Business Studies, Microeconomics, Business Management and Financial Accounting, we're here to serve your requirements. Contemporary Essay Topics Can Be Fun for Everyone Besides being among the best film critics in the united states, Phillip Lopate is likewise an outstanding essay writer, who entertains the reader when provoking them to consider the matter i n question. The most important question that's being answered is whether the drama indicates a legitimate portrayal of working class. There are virtually no movies today which don't depict some kind of violence. Unfortunately, media today provides the impression this violence is normal. For example, it may seek out a global accord that will assist in preventing cyber war. Whichever way one turns, violence will be present to greet him. You are going to be surrounded by writing professionals throughout the plan of order placement, and the moment you choose to purchase essay and pick an allocated writer, things are likely to get even more exciting. Whether you must make a paper of one-of-a-kind flawlessness, just purchase an essay here and our writers will provide help. So should you need to employ college essay writer online, we're just the people that you will need to contact. As our group of writers is quite big, we always have free writers ready to bring a manageable and well-paid purchase.

Berlin Wall (1227 words) Essay Example For Students

Berlin Wall (1227 words) Essay Berlin WallBerlin WallWith the aim of preventing East Germansfrom seeking asylum in the West, the East German government in 1961 beganconstructing a system of concrete and barbed-wire barriers between Eastand West Berlin. This Berlin Wall endured for nearly thirty years,a symbol not only of the division of Germany but of the larger conflictbetween the Communist and non-Communist worlds. The Wall ceased tobe a barrier when East Germany ended restrictions on emigration in November1989. The Wall was largely dismantled in the year preceding the reunificationof Germany. The victorious Allies agreed to give mostof Eastern Germany to Poland and the USSR, and then divide the rest intofour zones of occupation. However, they could not agree of whetheror how to reunite the four zones. As Cold War tensions grew, stimulatedin part by the German situation itself, the temporary dividing line betweenthe Soviet zone in the East and the British, French, and U.S. zones inthe West hardened into a permanent boundary. In 1949, shortly afterthe Western powers permitted their zones to unite and restore parliamentarydemocracy in the Federal Republic of Germany, the Russians installed apuppet regime of German Communists in the East, creating the German DemocraticRe-public.(Niewyk, 1995) According to Galante (1965, p.vii) a cityis the people who live in it. Berlin is 3,350,000 people in twentyboroughs. A rich city of factories, an airy city of farms and parksand woods and lakesOn Sunday, August 13, 1961 Herr Walter Ulbricht stoppedthat. He built the Wall.One reason for t he building of the Wallwas due to the more than fifty-two thousand East Berliners who crossedthe border everyday to work in West Berlin. These people were referredto as the grenzgaenger or border crossers. East Berliners saidthe grenzgaenger were parasite who should stay and work on the East sideof the boundary, for the benefit of Communism and the prosperity of theGerman Democratic Republic.(Galante, p.3) Gelb (1986, p.3) states,Berlin was where the Cold War began with a Soviet blockade, where Sovietand American tanks faced each other virtually snout-to-snout for the firsttime, and where the grisly game of nuclear brinkmanship was introduced.The Wall was constructed of concrete andsteel and barbed wire. It was 28 miles long, if straightened it wouldmeasure 103 miles long, dividing on of the greatest cities in the world. On side was painted white and one side was covered with graffiti. But there is more to the Wall than just this wall. Behind it, onehundred yards deeper into Communist territory, is another concrete barrieralmost as formidable. The leveled area between the two is a desolate,dangerous no-mans-land, patrolled by kalashnikov-toting guards, dottedwith free-fire machine-gun emplacements, and sown in places with landmines. It is punctuated with 285 elevated watchtowers, more suited to prison campsthan city centers, and by a series of dog runs where ferocious, long leashedAlsatians effectively run free. It is not a safe place to be.(Gelb,p.4) Approximately 5000 people managed to escape to the West, 80died trying. There is no known record of anyone trying to escapein the other direction. The poor quality and construction is a resultboth of the speed with which the first sections were erected and the factthat no foundation was prepared.(Galante, p.8) On August 13, 1961,East German troops began stretching coils of barbed wire across the bordercheckpoints between East and West Berlin, inhibiting free transit betweenthe two sectors as guaranteed under the Four-Power Pact that governed thecity. Within days the wire was replaced by 28 miles of compressedrubble, and now the historic Berlin Wall became a hideous symbol of theeconomic and political schism in Germany.(Cate, preface)For 28 years the Berlin Wall kep t peoplein, and kept people out. It separated friend and family. Itdivided a nation, a continent, a world. The story of seventeen-year-oldUrsula Heinemann who still had not recovered from the shock of being separatedfrom her mother. Although she was certain that she had done the rightthing in escaping to the West, she was nagged by a sense of guilt.(Cate,(1978),p.3) Many people saw the Wall as grim and forbidding, the Wall snakesthe city of Berlin like the backdrop to a nightmare.(Gelb, p.3)After the Wall came down, East German teachers had to plan new curriculamore in line with the schools in the West. For now, the opportunitieswere less notable than the problems. Thousands of East German emigrantswere already sleeping in West German army barracks, nursing homes, high-schoolgymnasiums, and even converted cargo containers.(Anderson,(1989), p.33)The first cracks came in May, when theHungarian government opened its border with Austria. East Germanofficials were furious because this me ant that East German refugees nowhad a new route to freedom. Up to 2 million of East Germanys 16.5million were ready to flee if the chance was offered. As reform spreadacross Eastern Europe, the Stalinist regime of Erich Honecker refused tobudge. In January, Honecker said the Wall would stand for a hundredyears. When Soviet leader Gorbachev visited East Berlin he triedto convince Honecker to accept liberalization, Honecker still stood strongto his beliefs. Demonstrations erupted throughout Germany, with thousandstaking to the streets demanding a share of Gorbachevs restructuring, andthe right to travel. Violent police attacks on demonstrators onlyfueled the peoples anger and brought hundreds of thousands more into thestreets. Czechoslovakia opened its border for East Germans travelingto the West, and 30,000 refugees emigrated in 48 hours. On November7, the entire East German cabinet resigned, on the 8th, the Communist PartyPolitburo and Central Committee resigned. And on the 9th the Wallcame down at the stoke of midnight. When the news of the Wall reachedthe West German parliament, the legislators spontaneously burst into patrioticsong.(Bornstein,(1990),p.23) Exhausted by weeks of political stressin which decades-old policies were reversed daily, overwhelmed by the mobsdemanding immediate exit, and noticing Western television crews waitingon the other side, the commanding officers gave way to the masses and openedall the gates.(Borneman,(1991), p.2)Economic union has powerful implicationsboth inside and outside Germany. Rebuilding the East German derelicteconomy will tie up perhaps $650 billion West German capitol, raising interestrates and very possibly fueling inflation throughout European Community.(Garrard,(1990),p.23) On Sunday, 18 March 1990, East Germans held the first freeelection on their territory since 1933-the first fully free election inEastern Europe since the Second World War.(Borneman, p.229)The wall opened because its reasonfor existence had d isappeared. The East German regime erected itin 1961 to stem the flow of refugees to the West. In a paradox ofhistory, the same government was forced to open the Wall in a desperate,last-ditch effort to stop an even more massive wave of deflections in 1989. .ua9b4c800afdd2f464ab3e79769bd0e7c , .ua9b4c800afdd2f464ab3e79769bd0e7c .postImageUrl , .ua9b4c800afdd2f464ab3e79769bd0e7c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua9b4c800afdd2f464ab3e79769bd0e7c , .ua9b4c800afdd2f464ab3e79769bd0e7c:hover , .ua9b4c800afdd2f464ab3e79769bd0e7c:visited , .ua9b4c800afdd2f464ab3e79769bd0e7c:active { border:0!important; } .ua9b4c800afdd2f464ab3e79769bd0e7c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua9b4c800afdd2f464ab3e79769bd0e7c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua9b4c800afdd2f464ab3e79769bd0e7c:active , .ua9b4c800afdd2f464ab3e79769bd0e7c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua9b4c800afdd2f464ab3e79769bd0e7c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua9b4c800afdd2f464ab3e79769bd0e7c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua9b4c800afdd2f464ab3e79769bd0e7c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua9b4c800afdd2f464ab3e79769bd0e7c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua9b4c800afdd2f464ab3e79769bd0e7c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua9b4c800afdd2f464ab3e79769bd0e7c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua9b4c800afdd2f464ab3e79769bd0e7c .ua9b4c800afdd2f464ab3e79769bd0e7c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua9b4c800afdd2f464ab3e79769bd0e7c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Deforestation EssayReferencesBorneman, John (1991). Afterthe Wall. U.S.: Basic Books, Inc. Cate, Curtis (1978). TheIdes of August. New York: M. Evans Company, Inc. Galante, Pierre (1965). TheBerlin Wall. New York: Doubleday Company, Inc. Gelb, Norman (1986). TheBerlin Wall. New York: Times Books. Bornstein, Jerry (1990). The Wall Came Tumbling Down. New York: Outlet BookCompany, Inc. Heaps, W.A. (1964). The Wallof Shame. New York: Meredith Press. Niewyk, D.L. (1995). GroliersMultimedia Encyclopedia. Garrard, Margaret (1989). Facing Up to the German Question Newsweek, pp. 51-52Anderson, Harry (1989). AMixed Blessing for Bonn Newsweek, pp. 33-34

Office Administration free essay sample

Paper 02 also assesses Knowledge and Application of procedures associated with specialized office activities and office routines. The paper consists of The total mark for this paper is 90. There are four compulsory questions in Section I based on UnitsI, II, III, IV, V, VI and XII. Section II consists of four optional questions taken from Units VII, VIII, IX, X and XI. Candidates are required to answer ONLY two questions from this section. For every sitting of the Office Administration examination there are candidates who ignore thisinstruction and do allfour questions in thissection to theirdetriment. Teachers mustcontinue to encourage studentsto readthe instructions given on the examination paper. Candidates’ overall performance in this paper compared with 2006 and 2007 was similar to their performance in the Paper 01. There was an overall increase in the mean performance from 38. 48 and 42. 08 in 2006 and 2007 respectively to 45. 10 in 2008. This paper is a written examination that targets private candidates. These candidates are identified as students who do not have the supervision of a teacher to complete the SBA project. We will write a custom essay sample on Office Administration or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Paper is worth 50 marks. It is designed to test the candidates’ ability to use their personal experiences on routine office activities acquired through observation or from doing the actualoffice tasks as a real employee. The paper consists of ten short answer questions based on an office case. For this examination the case focused on Units I, II and XII of the syllabus. While candidates’ performance in this paper improved i 2008 compared with 2007, the performance in 2008 was very consistent with that in 2006. It is noted that some areas of the syllabus tested in this paper continue to present a challenge to the candidates. They, for instance, encountergreatdifficulty when they are asked to present information graphically, though they are given the choice of selecting an appropriate means for presentation. Each question in this paper is worth 15 marks. All the questions in Section I are compulsory. Question 1 This question tested Module I (objective 3) and Module IV (objective 3c). For Part (a),candidates were required to list two advantages and two disadvantages of conventional/ cellular and open plan layout ofthe office. This was worth 7 marks. Some candidates misunderstood the term â€Å"cellular†; others gave disadvantages for advantages and vice versa. For Part (b), candidates were required to draw an organization chart to show the relationship among the Marketing Clerk, Graphic Artist, Marketing Manager and Promotion/Events Coordinator. This was worth 5 marks. This segment of the question proved to be challenging to the majority of candidates. Below is an example of an organization chart that would have been acceptable. Example of an organization chart (Graphic Artist and Marketing Clerk may be subordinate Events Coordinator) (Marketing Clerk may be subordinate to Events Coordina or and Graphic Clerk) Marketing Manager Marketing Manager Marketing Clerk Events Coordinator In Part (c), candidates were asked to list three procedures that may be used for dealing with the visitor. This was worth 3 marks. Candidates demonstrated knowledge in this area and many were able to gain full marks. Marks for this question ranged from 0 -15 and the mean was 7. 58. The Examiners recommend that teachers expose students to the different terms used for the types ofoffice and that they use pictures to illustrate. Teachersshould also use charts /diagramsto expose students to avarietyof organization charts.

Free Essays on Consumer Price Index

The Consumer Price Index, which is issued by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, is compiled to measure the movement of prices on goods and services purchased by consumers in the whole country. It is based on prices of the following:  § FOOD AND BEVERAGES (breakfast cereal, milk, coffee, chicken, wine,  § full service meals and snacks);  §  § HOUSING (rent of primary residence, owners' equivalent rent, fuel oil,  § bedroom furniture);  §  § APPAREL (men's shirts and sweaters, women's dresses, jewelry);  §  § TRANSPORTATION (new vehicles, airline fares, gasoline, motor vehicle  § insurance);  §  § MEDICAL CARE (prescription drugs and medical supplies, physicians'  § services, eyeglasses and eye care, hospital services);  §  § RECREATION (televisions, cable television, pets and pet products,  § sports equipment, admissions);  §  § EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATION (college tuition, postage,  § telephone services, computer software and accessories);  §  § OTHER GOODS AND SERVICES (tobacco and smoking products,  § haircuts and other personal services, funeral expenses). It is also based on service fees and excise taxes, however, it excludes income tax and investment items. Prices are collected from eighty-seven urban areas across the country from approximately 50,000 landlords and tenants and 23,000 stores, hospitals, and other service establishments. The actual index number results from the comparison of current costs of goods and services to the cost of the same items from the thirty-six month base period between 1982-1984. Two indexes are derived monthly from these spending patterns: CPI-U and CPI-W. The CPI-U, introduced in 1978, is based upon all residents of urban areas, which make up eighty-seven percent of the population. The CPI-W is based upon all clerical and wage workers and one household member who has worked at least thirty-seven weeks in the past twelve m... Free Essays on Consumer Price Index Free Essays on Consumer Price Index The Consumer Price Index, which is issued by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, is compiled to measure the movement of prices on goods and services purchased by consumers in the whole country. It is based on prices of the following:  § FOOD AND BEVERAGES (breakfast cereal, milk, coffee, chicken, wine,  § full service meals and snacks);  §  § HOUSING (rent of primary residence, owners' equivalent rent, fuel oil,  § bedroom furniture);  §  § APPAREL (men's shirts and sweaters, women's dresses, jewelry);  §  § TRANSPORTATION (new vehicles, airline fares, gasoline, motor vehicle  § insurance);  §  § MEDICAL CARE (prescription drugs and medical supplies, physicians'  § services, eyeglasses and eye care, hospital services);  §  § RECREATION (televisions, cable television, pets and pet products,  § sports equipment, admissions);  §  § EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATION (college tuition, postage,  § telephone services, computer software and accessories);  §  § OTHER GOODS AND SERVICES (tobacco and smoking products,  § haircuts and other personal services, funeral expenses). It is also based on service fees and excise taxes, however, it excludes income tax and investment items. Prices are collected from eighty-seven urban areas across the country from approximately 50,000 landlords and tenants and 23,000 stores, hospitals, and other service establishments. The actual index number results from the comparison of current costs of goods and services to the cost of the same items from the thirty-six month base period between 1982-1984. Two indexes are derived monthly from these spending patterns: CPI-U and CPI-W. The CPI-U, introduced in 1978, is based upon all residents of urban areas, which make up eighty-seven percent of the population. The CPI-W is based upon all clerical and wage workers and one household member who has worked at least thirty-seven weeks in the past twelve m...

What Not to Bring to College

What Not to Bring to College Putting together an awesome college packing list can seem simple enough ... until you take a second look and begin to question whether or not you really need all of that stuff. So how can you decide what to bring and what to leave behind? While each students situation is, of course, unique, there are some general dont-bring-em items that definitely shouldnt be brought to college, whether youre a first-year student or a senior or at a large college or a super small one. High School Paraphernalia You know those trophies, class rings, and other items that all symbolize your time in high school? Theyre best left behind. While they may bring back great memories for you, they also make you look like youre still stuck back in high school. Can you bring the lucky football cleats that helped you win the championship? Of course. Should you bring your championship trophy? Better not. High School Clothes Of course, some of the clothes you wore in high school will work just fine in college. But some items, like those that advertise you were on JV Cheer your junior year, are probably best left at home. College campuses practically give t-shirts away through clubs, activities, and special events anyway, so rest assured that you wont be without comfy tees for long. Candles If youre living in the residence halls, these are rarely, if ever, allowed. And if youre living in an off-campus apartment, chances are they arent allowed there, either. Be safe and leave the candles at home so you can avoid any potential conflicts with your RA or your landlord. Large Appliances Try to keep things as compact as possible. So while that popcorn maker your favorite auntie got you may seem pretty cool, its probably best left at home. Larger appliances will take up a ton of room and likely will only be used a few times a year if at all. (Microwaves and mini-fridges, of course, are the exception.) Expensive Equipment and Electronics You may have spent months saving up for some fancy-schmancy stereo system. And as awesome as you think it is, the thief in the building next door likes it even more. Dont tempt fate or your fellow classmates by bringing in equipment or electronics that stand out because of their high cost. Hard-to-Replace Paperwork While you might need things like your birth certificate and your social security card once or twice during your time in school, its better to bring it to campus, show it to whoever needs to see it (the financial aid office, for example), and then send or bring it back home. If items like these disappear, it can be a major pain in the brain to replace them especially if someones stolen them and committed identity theft. Off-Season Clothes While figuring out which clothes to bring to college can be a challenge, one easy rule to go by is to leave off-season clothes behind. If youre heading to school in August, for example, you can probably get your warmest winter jacket in a few months. Theres no need to have clothes you arent going to wear take up already limited space in your room. Duplicates of What Your Roommate Has There are quite a few things you can share with your roommate, so make sure to touch base with him or her before you pack. Two microwaves, for example, will steal a ton of space and be unnecessary. Figure out what each of you wants to bring and then divide and conquer. Drugs and Alcohol This should go without saying, but moving into your residence hall room or apartment with drugs and/or alcohol is a pretty rough way to start out the year. Besides setting yourself up to focus on things other than academics (which is what youre in college for at the end of the day), it can set you off on the wrong foot with an RA or landlord if anyone sees you. Dont sabotage all the work you did to get to college by making a dumb mistake when you first arrive.

Industrial Growth and Competiton Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Industrial Growth and Competiton - Essay Example According to Perloff (2012) Pigouvian tax can be described as a corrective measure undertaken by state or a body with authority usually inform of imposing tax to restore or limit any inefficient market activities. Taxation is applied on a firm that produces negative externality to other firm or the well-being of the entire community. The aim is to equalise the amount of tax imposed to the negative externality. Let us examine a case of a paint manufacturing firm that pollutes a nearby river using various cost concepts. With the absence of any regulation control measures, the firm can maximise its production activity without thinking of the impact imposed on another firm for example, a boat renting firm to families and individual for recreational purposes. In a typical market analysis, the paint manufacturing firm’s output and price relation can be presented in figure 1 below. In the figure 1 below, there are three main cost concepts: marginal social cost (MSC), marginal private cost (MPC), and Marginal Damage cost. Perloff (2012) defines these costs as follows. The private marginal cost refers to all the direct cost incurred by the firm or producer in creating goods or services. He also defines marginal damage as the additional cost to a firm producing additional unit of a product that impose negative externality on others. Further, he defines social damage cost as the summation of private marginal cost and marginal damage to a producer. This can be illustrated graphically in figure 1 below. Initially, the firm’s output level was at Q0due to absence of any regulation. The firm’s primary focus on this particular market scenario, where there is no any form of regulation on production, focuses on how to maximise production output at any given time. However, the need to reduce pollution leads to introduction of a pigouvian tax to make the firm comply with existing production regulation and be mindful of other

What make Abraham Lincoln an American Research Paper

What make Abraham Lincoln an American - Research Paper Example Varying aspects define America and as such define what Abraham as an American was. However, of surety is the fact that great Americans of all times have been described or defined by certain of these characteristics. This paper establishes the characters, which defined him to be a great American of all the times. The analysis of Abraham Lincoln as a great American revolves around the definition of Americanism to allude to great conviction or attitude that has special attention ascribed to the nation, US culture, political interest as well as the national interest of the great American state. Therefore, this paper has special attention in the deep political convictions and great oratory competence that saw him rise to the height of his political career and life as the sixteenth US president. To be specific, Abraham was described by his stern stand against slavery and discrimination, which has a great attention in what, defines the United States. His rise to power for instance signaled the divide, which saw the northern states as well as the Northern states separate on the bases of support of or against slavery. The Southern had great regard to slave and slave trade which according to Abraham created class divide among the Americans and which he strictly opposed. His governance was therefore characterized by the great opposition from the political elites who advocated for the class divisions as against the sovereignty of all Americans; the free and the slaves. In a century and over time in the history of America, Abraham Lincoln continues to have great perception amongst the American natives as well as across the globe. Penn Schoen Berland conducted a study to establish the perceptions of Americans towards Abraham and found out among other things that he is perceived to have been the best as well as most influential US president that has ever been. However, there were still a number who opposed the opinion and even lesser number having no knowledge about Abraham L incoln. In fact, a good percentage of the Americans in the current time reason that president Obama compares to some extent with Abraham Lincoln though not to a matching degree where there is still the perception that Abraham stands out against the current president in matters off ideal as well as leadership. In many aspects, among the legendary American heroes, Abraham Lincoln is depicted as being the ‘American original’ from his deep conviction of the sovereignty of the state and all the inhibitors, not defined by race or state of life; slaves and or free (Penn, 2-4). In an evaluation to his life, much lays an inspiration to many following his determination to hail from a very humble background and to forge his way to the highest office in the land and to command great leadership of all the time. His ambition and great determination, which saw him, uphold great integrity are among the basic traits that illustrated the great ‘American’ in him. He represent ed the ‘self made’ person of his time as the nobility in his character is often described. Though he was raised from a poor background, he struggled his way through academics through self-sponsorship, which led him to his law career. Having been brought up in the countryside by his step mother (having lost own mother at the age of 9 years), Lincoln had great determination to acquire formal education. Despite the great challenges that came his way, his staunch determination saw him rise to the House of Commons and thus engaged in his political career (Abraham Lincoln, para 1). It is within his service in the state legislature of Illinois that he started voicing his against slavery, not only

Informative Speech Plan Essay Example for Free

Informative Speech Plan Essay TITLE: The Scientific Explanation of Dreams SPECIFIC SPEECH PURPOSE: To inform my audience about the scientific explanation of common dreams of humans based on theories and studies which have been gathered at the present time. THESIS STATEMENT: Finding meaning in dreams is a recent subject in the field of psychology and science, the most frequent are traumatic dreams, recurrent dreams and typical dreams, all of which have back up theories aimed to explain its occurrence. INTRODUCTION ATTENTION STEP: Have you ever felt like your dreams mean something to you? Have you ever thought that your dreams have certain connections with perhaps, the future, your life? I for one often dream about the people I’m going to see on a certain day or even the weirdest things like celebrities or my long time crushes. I dream a lot, and I can’t help but think about why I dream of the same things over and over again and why I often dream about things which much to my surprise happens when I wake up. CLARIFICATION STEP: Sleep is our body’s way of rejuvenating the brain’s memories or giving ourselves a break from all the day’s stress, pressure, exhaustion and work. But alongside it, comes dreams. All of us dream right? We dream about random thoughts, people and phenomenon. So today, I will discuss the underlying concepts and theories of the most common dreams namely, traumatic, recurrent, typical and recurring. BODY I. Dreams are defined as sequences of images, thoughts, emotions and feelings occurring reluctantly in the brain during certain stages of sleep. II. There are four types of dreams which are common to people. A. The first type is a traumatic dream. 1. Traumatic Dream is a major symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder. Traumatic dreams, now understood as a major symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder, are experienced by soldiers in war, people engulfed in natural catastrophes, individuals involved in terrible accidents, and women and children who have been raped or assaulted. They are notable because they tend to repeat the traumatic event in all its emotional detail and horror. People suffering from traumatic dreams often dread the thought of going to sleep. 2. Freud put war neurosis dreams to the side by saying that the function of dreaming, like so much else, is upset in this condition, traumatic neuroses and diverted from its purposes. Still, when it came to dream theory, Freud (1920:13) put war neurosis dreams to the side by saying that the function of dreaming, like so much else, is upset in this condition [traumatic neuroses] and diverted from its purposes. In his final formulation on dreams, he admitted that traumatic dreams did not fit his theory, but nonetheless stuck with the old theory by saying the exception does not overturn the rule (Freud, 1933:29). . Instead, we should begin with the most difficult of dreams, traumatic dreams, and search for a theory encompassing them as well as wish fulfillment dreams. 3. These dreams are real dreams experienced by the dreamer, it deals emotional problems people cannot handle, they decrease in frequency and the way these dreams reappear become images for new stressful situations. The most systematic studies on traumatic dreams concern Vietnam veterans because they can be studied in large numbers due to their common experience; then, too, they also make themselves available to researchers through VA hospitals. It is this work that makes it possible to go beyond a mere summation of a wide variety of individual instances in a search for generalizations. First, the combat soldiers who suffered later from traumatic dreams were younger, less educated, and more likely to be emotionally involved with a close buddy who was killed or injured as compared with non-sufferers with similar combat experiences. Those who did not have such dreams put up a wall between themselves and other people while in Vietnam; they decided very early not to become emotionally close to anyone (Hartmann, 1984:209). Second, the dreams begin to change slightly over time as the person recovers, gradually incorporating other elements and becoming less like the exact experience. Put another way, the traumatic dreams slowly come to resemble ordinary dreams (Hartmann, 1984:219). Third, there seems to be a decline in traumatic dreams if they are discussed in groups with other veterans who suffer from them (Wilmer, 1982). Hartmann (1984:238-239) reports early discussion also seems to decrease such dreams in those who suffer from other kinds of traumas as well. Finally, those who have recovered often suffer a relapse to the old dream content when faced with new stressorsWe draw the following implications from the work on traumatic dreams. First, such dreams should not be put aside as exceptions of one sort or another. They are legitimate, real dreams, and they are experienced as dreamlike by the dreamers. Second, these dreams deal, quite obviously, with emotional problems that have overwhelmed the person. They are about emotional events that people cannot handle or assimilate or master, to use several different words to capture aspects of the difficult experience we are here trying to comprehend. Third, the dreams decrease in frequency and become altered in content to the degree that the experience is assimilated. Fourth, the way in which the experiences sometimes reappear when new problems arise suggests the old traumas have become metaphors for new stressful situations. Traumatic dreams, then, reflect a preoccupation with problems we have not resolved. This is a possible starting point for a theory to explain what we dream about. Before making too much of one type of dream, however, it is necessary to look at the closest relative of traumatic dreams, the recurrent dream, to see what conclusions can be drawn from studying it. B. The second type is recurrent dream. 1. Recurrent dreams are often triggered by a certain life situation, a transitional phase in life or a problem that keeps coming back again and again. 1. Recurrent dreams are most often reported to begin in childhood. 2. Recurrent dreams are often reported to begin at times of stress, such as the death of a loved one, separation from parents, or the divorce of parents. C. The third type is a typical dream. 1. Typical Dreams are dreams which are very much alike for many people. 2. The most common are dreams of deceased loved ones, wedding dreams, inappropriate dress dreams and flying dreams. 3. They may disclose emotional expression of emotional preoccupations, both negative and positive, common to everyone at one time or another. D. The fourth type are repetitive dream themes and repeated dream elements 1. The recurring dream tends to reveal you real nature. 2. Recurring dreams are usually an attempt to recognize hidden problems. CONCLUSION SUMMARY STEP: Those are some of the major dreams that people have: traumatic, recurrent, typical and repetitive dreams. ACTION STEP: I look forward that we have learned something from the speech that I have rendered. Dreams have meanings, â€Å"Scientific Meanings† which can be of use to us. Knowing these theories and explanations can help us deal with dreams that we do not understand, hence they are tools for addressing some aspects in our lives. They occur inside our head, science may never tell the exact reason why these dreams occur or recur but personally understanding it will help us deviate from false beliefs about dreams and widen our perceptions about everything we experience and see in our dreams. REFERENCE: Schneider,A. and W.Domhoff. â€Å"The Quantitative Study of Dreams.† psych.ucsc.edu.17October2010.8July2011.

Death Penalty Essay -- essays research papers

Electric chair, gas chamber, lethal injection, firing squad, hanging, guillotine, and garroting. When you hear these words what do you think of? Do you feel frightened? When some hear these words they tend to say, " Oh they deserve it". In the court system that is not always the case. The question you always have to ask yourself is what did the accused do and do they deserve the death penalty? What is bad enough to deserve death? Are their certain crimes that do and then some that do not? Almost every culture through out history has relied on the death penalty and capital punishment and justified as a necessary tool to maintain order. The only thing that changed throughout time were the crimes deemed punishable by death and the methods used to kill those found guilty. Some of the other countries' laws of capital punishment seem so barbaric. In ancient India, executions were sometimes carried out by having an elephant crush the condemned's head. Executions used to be public spectacles. In ancient Persia, one method of execution involved being eaten alive by insects and vermin. In the middle ages, methods of execution included chopping off limbs, stripping off the condemned person's skin, boiling in oil, drawing and quartering (cutting the persons innards and then tearing the body into four pieces), burning at the stake, and crucifixion. In 1692, a man refused to testify aft er his wife was accused of witchcraft and was " Pressed " to death. The sentence was carried out by lying him on a stone floor, placing a board over him, and piling stones upon the board. Benjamin Rush, credited with the beginning the movement to abolish capital punishment in the U.S, declared in 1792 that reform, not retribution, should be the goal of punishment. The Bible authorizes executing those who show contempt on their parents, walk without permission on sacred ground, practicing sorcery, sacrifice in foreign gods or who prostitute themselves. In the Bible Exodus 21:12 it says, " Whoever strikes a man a mortal blow must be put to death." Electrocution in the modern era. Electricity causes biological damage through both heat and electrochemical havoc. The electrical current itself abolishes the function of organs and tissues such as the brain, nerves, and heart by overwhelming the fragile bioelectrical basis of the metabolism. The voltage applied is... ...icans that some states have strict death penalty laws while others employ long, complicated legal procedures that make it almost impossible for a criminal to be executed? Samuel Hand, The North American Review, December 1881 wrote an article titled Deserved Retribution. It said, Capital execution upon the deadly poisoner and the midnight assassin is not only necessary for the safety of society, it is the fit and deserved retribution of their crimes. By it alone is divine and human justice is fulfilled. Robert Rantaul Jr., Report to The Legislature, 1836 wrote an article titled Death Penalty Unnecessary. It said, It is not necessary to hang the murderer in order to guard society against him, and to prevent him from repeating the crime. If it were, we should hang the maniac, who is the most dangerous murderer. Society may defend itself by other means than by destroying life. Massachusetts can build prisons strong enough to secure the community forever against convicted felons. You may have been close minded about capital punishment before you read my paper and if you were you still probably are, but the one thing I hope you saw were all the sides and views of capital punishment.

Chapter 21 notes- the kite runner Essay

Amir visits his old house in Kabul and the hill north of Baba’s house- The city is now completely unfamiliar to Amir, and he looks at it almost as a tourist Amir looks outside his bedroom window and remembers looking out of it when watching Hassan and Amir leave. â€Å"Twenty-five years earlier, I had stood behind that same window, thick rain dripping down the panes and my breath fogging up the glass. I had watched Hassan and Ali load their belongings into the trunk of my father’s car† -Amir Characters involved: Amir Farid Hassan- Amir discusses their good memories in the yard of Baba’s house and up at the pomegranate tree on the hill. â€Å"Amir and Hassan. The Sultans of Kabul†- still carved into the pomegranate tree. A man and woman were executed on the soccer oval in front of all the spectators Characters involved: Taliban (Islamic radicals) Amir Farid Woman and man both killed by rocks â€Å"And they call themselves Muslims† -Farid â€Å"Mord? Mord? Is he dead? † -Amir â€Å"Every sinner must be punished in a manner befitting his sin! †- Cleric at the stadium. This part of the text gives evidence that the Taliban are brutal, have no sympathy and are murderers. The Taliban say they are obeying God. Meeting arranged to meet with the Taliban that afternoon. Characters involved: Farid- asks for Amir Taliban official Symbols Pomegranate tree â€Å"Then I went looking for the abandoned cemetery. It didn’t take me long to find it. It was still there, and so was the old pomegranate tree. †- Amir â€Å"I stood under it, remembered all the times we’d climbed it, straddled it’s branches, our legs swinging, dappled sunlight flickering through the leaves and casting on our faces a mosaic of light and shadow. The tangy taste of pomegranate crept into my mouth. † -Amir The ruined, dead tree serves as a symbol that the city Kabul that Amir knew was now dead. Environment- Kabul- *Desolate. *Ruined *Dusty *Abandoned *Sun-dried Amir’s house *Surrounded by weeds *Rusty â€Å"The Wall of Ailing Corn was still there, though I saw no corn, ailing or other-wise, along that wall now. †-Amir Paint peeled off â€Å"The house was far from the sprawling white mansion I remembered from my childhood. It looked smaller. † -Amir â€Å"Like so much else in Kabul, my father’s house was the picture of fallen splendour. † -Amir â€Å"I wanted to step into the foyer, smell the orange peel Ali always tossed into the stove to burn the sawdust. Sit at the kitchen table, have tea with a slice of naan, listen to Hassan sing old Hazara songs. † -Amir.

Culture Shock & Insatiable Emptiness Essay

Culture is one aspect of a person’s individuality that is deeply entrenched in him after years of socialization and learning the ways, beliefs, thoughts and world view of one society or any group of people. When one is uprooted from the familiarity of the culture that he has internalized, the consequence involves disorientation, anxiety, and other host of psychological and even physiological imbalance. Such is the experience described by Evelyn Lau in her essay Insatiable Emptiness. In her vivid and poetic descriptions, she tells how she violently coped with the changes that were occurring within her adolescent body and how her negative response to these changes affected the stability of her health for eight years. The case of Lau’s maladjustment to her bodily changes and the way people around her, specifically her mother, reacted to her maturing body can be considered a form of culture shock. As a child, Lau says that she had been accustomed to the way her body looked: â€Å"I had been thin and healthy, with flat belly and limbs† (495). The image of her as a slender girl was instilled in her mind and became the identity that she appropriated for herself. However, this familiarity with her body was undermined by the natural, adolescent changes that occurred within her. At age 11, Lau got her first period and the hormonal imbalance brought unwanted changes in her breasts and hips. She began to see her natural metamorphosis as something that must be hidden, â€Å"terrible workings† which she must immediately expel out of her body (496). Because she was unprepared for the changes occurring within her, she reacted negatively to it, wanting to return to the familiar image of her body. Lau says that she â€Å"longed to make [her body] translucent, pared down, clean as a whistle† (496). When Lau describes the sensation she felt after vomiting food out of her stomach, she refers to it as a feeling of being â€Å"clean and shiny inside, like a scrubbed machine† (495). This is the sensation she got addicted to. Despite the unpleasant experience of forcing food out of her body and the foul taste of acid passing through her mouth, not to mention the detrimental effects of acid on her oral cavity, Lau got fixated on vomiting. The unpleasant activity became pleasurable in her mind because psychologically, she made herself believe that the act of vomiting purges her body of the unwanted changes that was occurring within her and that this act also brings her back to the familiar, internalized image of herself as a slender girl. What worsened her misperception of the natural adolescent changes was the negative response of her family, specifically her mother, to these changes. Instead of being a support in understanding her situation, her mother ridiculed Lau for her growing breasts and her insatiable appetite. Lau says that her mother’s actions â€Å"convinced [her] there was something wrong with [her] body† (496). Lau’s mother was a very controlling woman. Lau believes that her mother’s actions were motivated by the reality that as Lau was becoming a full grown woman, her mother began to see her daughter grew distant from her. Lau was becoming a separate part of her mother and her mother did not want Lau to be different and unfamiliar. As a result, her mother put Lau on strict diets, ridiculed her body and downgraded her by saying that she will never amount to anything because she was just like her weak father. In this sense, Lau mother’s also experience culture shock because the unfamiliar caused her to have an imbalance of perception. After eight years of suffering from bulimia, Lau’s body took the toll of her abusive behavior. Her and her mother’s failure to adjust to the novel experience of adolescent changes led her to a behavior that weakened her body and resulted to irreversible consequences. Lacking the encouragement and assurance that she needed, Lau resorted to a violent behavior directed toward herself. She feigned self-esteem when her insides were corroding with incessant self-hatred. She became withdrawn and obsessive for control just like her mother. Controlling the changes in her body is a manifestation that Lau wanted things to stay as they were because the changes she encountered was too shocking for her to accept. Being withdrawn, violent to oneself and obsessive for control are just few of the negative responses to culture shock. If not reversed, altered or mediated, these behaviors, as seen in Lau’s narrative, can result to a maladjusted person who is unprepared to meet any further changes. To some extent, I can relate to Lau’s experience because I too have undergone culture shock when I first encountered university life. Although my experience was not as violent or traumatic as Lau’s, I also responded negatively to the unfamiliar territory, to some degree. I was only about 18 when I first stepped in the halls of the university. To me, it was a totally different world, bustling with chaotic energy that my adjusting self was unprepared to match. I was caught in the wave of fast-paced change that I began to be negative about the unfamiliar experience during my first few months in the university. Being in a place stripped of the comforts of home and the certainty of the place where I grew up in was just like being fish out of water. There were discomforts and at times, severe bouts of anxiety. When I look back at those few months of nervously finding my way through this new environment, I remember it to be one huge blur, an indistinct rush of unfamiliar faces, behavior, ways and manners. The university I attended was set in a sprawling hectare of land with buildings so far apart it was so easy to get lost. The vast space which I discovered alienated me and I knew then that I needed some company. However, I found out that it was not as easy to blend in an environment whose unfamiliarity seemed hostile. It seemed to me back then that I was traversing dangerous grounds, a foreign territory whose internal rules and codes of conduct I did not understand. I was tentative when I introduced myself to others or try to make connections that would give me bearing as I was being hurled from one strange experience to another. What compounded my confusion and anxiety was the fact that I was an immigrant and being in the minority put me in constant check of myself whether I was rightly blending in or I was sticking out too much. Although diversity is one of the things they hail in the university, I could not help but see my foreignness to be at fault, somehow, to the anxiety I was experiencing. Like Lau, I had mistaken the anxieties from culture shock to be something that is accountable to my behavior or being and not to the fact that the unfamiliarity was unnerving to me. As a result, I became withdrawn for the first few months. I cruised the university halls by myself, aware of my alienation with the crowd. My social disengagement stressed me out, and I found it hard to initially cope with my academic load. The method of teaching and learning in the university was another factor in my brief alienation and to me the whole culture of independent study and fast-paced instruction shocked me. Although I had been oriented and prepared for university education in terms of studying skills and habits, the initial encounter with the actual thing was disorienting. I was managing my classes on my own, without the aid of peers. Professors hurled academic requirements to us by truckloads and I had to keep myself afloat in the torrent of term papers and coursework. When I came to the point that things got too big for me to handle, I sought help. I remember in Lau’s essay that she too sought help for her condition, but backed away because she had to wait in line. I think it is her failure to get early professional help which led to her aggravated addiction. In my experience, the perspective and advice of a person outside the eye of the storm of culture shock are valuable. I was able to positively adjust through the aid the student services made available for people going through the same confusion and anxiety. Culture shock, as seen in both my experience in my early days in the university and in Lau’s transforming body, can be experienced on many levels. It does not only refer to disorientation to a culture in the conventional definition involving race and nationality. It may also pertain to any confusion brought about by the intrusion of an unfamiliar behavior, image, or environment. Whatever the source of culture shock is, it is clear that the experience is temporal and must be dealt with positively. Reference Lau. E. (2006). Insatiable Emptiness. In Reinking, J. , Osten, R. Cairns, S. and Fleming, r (Eds. ) Strategies for Successful Writing: A Rhetoric, Research Guide, Reader and Handbook, Third Canadian Edition (pp. 495-499). Canada: Pearson Education.

How To Write A Deductive Essay Essays

How To Write A Deductive Essay Essays How To Write A Deductive Essay Paper How To Write A Deductive Essay Paper If you have received a task to write a deductive essay, but you have no idea what these words mean, this article will come in handy. Indeed, this type of writing is not that frequently used as, for example, cause-effect, research paper, analytical article, or others. Writing deductive essay may be difficult if you dont understand how logical thinking based on deduction works. However, here you may find all the necessary information about how to write the deductive essay on any topic. What does Deductive Reasoning Mean? The word deduction takes its origin from Logics and Mathematics. It is a type of reasoning when you use some general statements to reach a logical conclusion about facts. Aristotle was one of the first to describe this method. Can you imagine how old this technique is? Having said that, it has become classical regarding logical thinking. Lots of other branches of sciences use deductive reasoning. Academic writing is not an exception. This method helps structure your ideas and explain them step-by-step. Examples of Reasoning Based on Deduction There is a common explanation which may help you understand how deduction works in real life. You must have used it in everyday life but didnt realize that it was the deduction. Technological devices need charging (the premises). A mobile phone is a technological device (the evidence). A mobile phone needs charging (the conclusion). The mentioned above example shows that by having some general information, you can make relevant assumptions that lead to the logical conclusion. How to Use Deduction to Write Deductive Essay The deductive essay involves all the main characteristics of reasoning based on deduction. This paper should show that the author uses the facts which are common knowledge to prove the further statements. It is a form of an essay which requires providing logical arguments. On the one hand, it can be difficult because your paper should be thought-over. On the other hand, deduction helps authors use the exact structure for proving the thesis. The writer aims to use the given information and come up with a logical conclusion. Moreover, an author should explain this step by step to persuade the readers. By using this technique, you can create interesting and unexpected solutions for complicated issues. Possible Topics for Your Paper When you have understood how to write the deductive essay, choose the topic.   It is a good idea to select the theme which accumulates enough information for arguments. Immigration leads to overpopulation in well-developed countries. Obesity triggers serious problems with health. Violent games and videos provoke bad behavior among the youngsters. Robots may replace teachers in the nearest future. Are these changes good or bad? Features of the Essay Based on Deduction Each writer should follow the specific requirements to prepare an effective paper. Bear in mind the mentioned below rules. They can be useful for any essay. Sharp Focus You should think thoroughly about the topic for your paper. It determines the focus of your writing. If you start talking about one theme, dont get sidetracked. Discuss the theme, examine its features, reasons, causes. Your aim is to find the logical conclusion. You can manage this only if the topics for deductive essays are specific and the discussion is focused. Clarity in Structure Planning and the paragraph structure are significant for any type of essay. However, bear in mind that the deductive essay should be very clear in structure both visually and meaningfully. You need to plan your paper in advance to make it coherent and cohesive. Work on your outline, choose examples, change the order of paragraphs to achieve the ideal result. The Premise Begin your paper with an introduction where you include some general information. Write about some facts that all of your readers would support. Dont choose controversial statements or rhetorical questions. For example, if your topic refers to animals, use the following introductory sentences. All animals need attention and care. This statement is broad but clear in meaning. Your readers will hands-down agree with it. Then continue adding more general information to present your topic. The Evidence In this part of your paper, you need to present a specific example. You can take it from your real-life experience or somebodys stories. The evidence should serve as a proof for your thesis. Analyze the real story to persuade the readers that your opinion is correct. Also, you can use different scientific findings which will make your paper more academic. Continuing the same example about animals, for the evidence you can talk about specific species. For instance, find some statistics about pandas as the representative of endangered animals. This will prove that pandas do need care because of the danger of extinction. The Conclusion Coming to the logical conclusion should be the final goal of your writing. After you have analyzed all the general facts and concrete examples, make up your final argument. If you feel that there are no enough proofs, go back to the stage of evidence. You need to be convinced that you have lots of convincing facts for the summary. Using the example of animals, you may mention in the conclusion that people should take care of pandas. Although the sample with animals is too simple, it should give you a clear idea of the deductive reasoning in writing. Devote Time for Doing Research If you are a college or university student, the topics for your article will be complicated. It wont be that easy to come up with solutions or arguments on your own. That is why you will need to hit the books and do some research. This step is significant for finding relevant arguments and evidence. Types of Useful Argument Style There are various techniques which you can use for making statements. It can be either categorical or proportional statement. If you choose one technique, try to stick to it throughout the whole essay. Making Categorical Statements If you want to be persuasive in writing, try categorical statements. It means that you should not discuss the topic but use arguments to prove your opinion. When using categorical statements, don’t criticize opposite ideas. Just explain your viewpoint with supportive logical statements. Making Propositional Statements The problem-solving task is the best choice for propositional statements. Don’t try to convince readers in the correctness of your thesis. Your aim is to discuss possible options and make some propositions. Edit and Revise Your Paper Before Submission Some students don’t like to spend time on revising their work. However, if your paper has lots of grammatical mistakes, the reader will focus on them instead of the content. Use online services for checking grammar or ask our qualified editors help you. Don’t avoid the step of revision. If your paper is correct in grammar, you will have all the opportunities to reach that desired logical conclusion in your essay based on deduction.

Biography of Heinrich Hertz

Biography of Heinrich Hertz Physics students around the world are familiar with the work of Heinrich Hertz, the German physicist who proved that electromagnetic waves definitely exist. His work in electrodynamics paved the way for many  modern uses of light (also known as electromagnetic waves). The frequency unit that physicists use is named the Hertz in his honor. Fast Facts Heinrich Hertz Full Name: Heinrich Rudolf HertzBest Known For: Proof of the existence of electromagnetic waves, Hertzs principle of least curvature, and the photoelectric effect.Born: February 22, 1857 in Hamburg, GermanyDied: January 1, 1894 in  Bonn, Germany, at age 36Parents: Gustav Ferdinand Hertz and Anna Elisabeth PfefferkornSpouse: Elisabeth Doll, married 1886Children: Johanna and MathildeEducation: Physics and mechanical engineering, was a professor of physics in various institutes.Significant Contributions: Proved that electromagnetic waves propagated various distances through the air, and summarized how objects of different materials affect each other on contact. Early Life and Education Heinrich Hertz was born in Hamburg, Germany, in 1857. His parents were Gustav Ferdinand Hertz (a lawyer) and Anna Elisabeth Pfefferkorn. Although his father was born Jewish, he converted to Christianity and the children were raised as Christians. This did not stop the Nazis from dishonoring Hertz after his death, due to the taint of Jewishness, but his reputation was restored after World War II. The young Hertz was educated at the Gelehrtenschule des Johanneums in Hamburg, where he showed a deep interest in scientific subjects. He went on to study engineering in Frankfurt under such scientists as Gustav Kirchhoff and Hermann Helmholtz. Kirchhoff specialized in studies of radiation, spectroscopy, and electrical circuit theories. Helmholtz was a physicist who developed theories about vision, the perception of sound and light, and the fields of electrodynamics and thermodynamics. It is small wonder then, that the young Hertz became interested in some of the same theories and eventually did his lifes work in the fields of contact mechanics and electromagnetism. Life's Work and Discoveries After earning a Ph.D. in 1880, Hertz took up a series of professorships where he taught physics and theoretical mechanics. He married Elisabeth Doll in 1886 and they had two daughters. Hertzs doctoral dissertation focused on James Clerk Maxwells theories of electromagnetism. Maxwell worked in mathematical physics until his death in 1879 and formulated what is now known as Maxwells Equations. They describe, through mathematics, the functions of electricity and magnetism. He also predicted the existence of electromagnetic waves. Hertzs work focused on that proof, which took him several years to achieve. He constructed a simple dipole antenna with a spark gap between the elements, and he managed to produce radio waves with it. Between 1879 and 1889, he did a series of experiments that used electrical and magnetic fields to produce waves that could be measured. He established that the velocity of the waves was the same as the speed of light, and studied the characteristics of the fields he generated, measuring their magnitude, polarization, and reflections. Ultimately, his work showed that light and other waves he measured were all a form of electromagnetic radiation that could be defined by Maxwells equations. He proved through his work that electromagnetic waves can and do move through the air.   In addition, Hertz focused on a concept called the photoelectric effect, which occurs when an object with electrical charge loses that charge very quickly when it is exposed to light, in his case, ultraviolet radiation. He observed and described the effect, but never explained why it happened. That was left to Albert Einstein, who published his own work on the effect. He suggested that light (electromagnetic radiation) consists of energy carried by electromagnetic waves in little packets called quanta. Hertzs studies and Einsteins later work eventually became the basis for an important branch of physics called quantum mechanics.  Hertz and his student Phillip Lenard also worked with cathode rays, which are produced inside vacuum tubes by electrodes.   Heinrich Hertzs portrait and drawings of electrical fields that he studied appeared on a German postage stamp in 1994. Deutsche Bundespost. What Hertz Missed Interestingly, Heinrich Hertz did not think his experiments with electromagnetic radiation, particularly radio waves, had any practical value. His attention was focused solely on theoretical experiments. So, he proved that electromagnetic waves propagated through the air (and space). His work led others to experiment even further with other aspects of radio waves and electromagnetic propagation. Eventually, they stumbled across the concept of using radio waves to send signals and messages, and other inventors used them to create telegraphy, radio broadcasting, and eventually television. Without Hertzs work, however, todays use of radio, TV, satellite broadcasts, and cellular technology wouldnt exist. Nor would the science of radio astronomy, which relies heavily on his work.   Other Scientific Interests Hertzs scientific accomplishments werent limited to electromagnetism. He also did a great deal of research on the topic of contact mechanics, which is the study of solid matter objects that touch each other. The big questions in this area of study have to do with the stresses the objects produce on each other, and what role friction plays in interactions between their surfaces. This is an important field of study in mechanical engineering. Contact mechanics affect design and construction in such objects as combustion engines, gaskets, metalworks, and also objects that have electrical contact with each other.   Hertzs work in contact mechanics began in 1882 when he published a paper titled On the Contact of Elastic Solids, where he was actually working with the properties of stacked lenses. He wanted to understand how their optical properties would be affected. The concept of Hertzian stress is named for him and describes the pinpoint stresses that objects undergo as they contact each other, particularly in curved objects.   Later Life Heinrich Hertz worked on his research and lecturing until his death on January 1, 1894. His health began failing several years prior to his death, and there was some evidence he had cancer.  His final years were taken up with teaching, further research, and several operations for his condition. His final publication, a book titled  Die Prinzipien der Mechanik (The Principles of Mechanics), was sent to the printer a few weeks before his death.   Honors Hertz was honored not only by the use of his name for the fundamental period of a wavelength, but his name appears on a memorial medal and a crater on the Moon. An institute called the Heinrich-Hertz Institute for Oscillation Research was founded in 1928, known today as the Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications, Heinrich Hertz Institute, HHI. The scientific tradition continued with various members of his family, including his daughter Mathilde, who became a famous biologist. A nephew, Gustav Ludwig Hertz, won a Nobel prize, and other family members made significant scientific contributions in medicine and physics.   Bibliography â€Å"Heinrich Hertz and Electromagnetic Radiation.† AAAS - The Worlds Largest General Scientific Society, www.aaas.org/heinrich-hertz-and-electromagnetic-radiation. www.aaas.org/heinrich-hertz-and-electromagnetic-radiation.Molecular Expressions Microscopy Primer: Specialized Microscopy Techniques - Fluorescence Digital Image Gallery - Normal African Green Monkey Kidney Epithelial Cells (Vero), micro.magnet.fsu.edu/optics/timeline/people/hertz.html.http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Biographies/Hertz_Heinrich.htmlâ€Å"Heinrich Rudolf Hertz.† Cardan Biography, www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Biographies/Hertz_Heinrich.html.

Preserve the luxury or extend the brand Case Study

Preserve the luxury or extend the brand - Case Study Example ?s fellow grand cru classà © owners complained about the nà ©gociants’ margins whom Gaspard accepted because they have a ready buyer even in their bad years. What Gaspard missed is that their brand had been classified by de Vallois had in 1855 as a Premier Grand Cru Classà © (First Growth) making their brand already saleable at a commanding price even without a nà ©gociant who would readily buy it. Sticking to their two brands, this may not be enough to secure the chateau in the long run because new wine makers with cheaper wine are already coming in the market. These new competitors’ offer an alternative to their products that could shrink their market share and pose a real threat to Gaspard’s business. Gaspard must adapt to the new realities in the wine industry. Extending the brand has many advantages. First, Gaspard can widen their market share to include the younger market who could not afford their high end wines. This market is already a captured market and there is a greater probability that they would come to them when they are ready to purchase high end wines. Second, Gaspard has the advantage of being classified by de Vallois had in 1855 as a Premier Grand Cru Classà © which they could use in marketing their branded wines. Claire was right, they could either buy grapes or land and mention that its either ‘Bordeaux origin’ or that the de Vallois team is in charge of making it in case they would buy cheaper lands abroad to grow grapes. This option will not harm the brand of Gaspard’s premiere wine because they will not be mixed up. In fact, the de Vallois brand can complement the upcoming branded wine by suggesting quality and class by association. In addition, these branded wines can easily adapt to the changing tastes of the younger market and make the most profit by catering to what they want. When this younger market can already afford the high end wines, they can also graduate to the Vallois team’s high end wine. True there is